Ubushakashatsi bushya ku rukingo rwa SIDA bwakorewe mu bihugu bitandukanye birimo u Rwanda, bwatanze icyizere gikomeye mu rugamba rwo guhashya agakoko gatera SIDA. Abashakashatsi bemeje ko urwo rukingo rukangura uturemangingo tw’umubiri dushinzwe kurwanya indwara, bigatuma umubiri w’umuntu wakingiwe uhabwa ubushobozi bwo kwirwanaho no gukumira virusi itera SIDA (HIV) mbere y’uko yinjira mu mubiri cyangwa ngo iwusakaremo.
Iri gerageza ryakozwe ku bufatanye bw’abahanga bo mu bihugu bitandukanye, rikorerwa muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika, mu Rwanda no muri Afurika y’Epfo. Ryibanze cyane ku kureba uburyo umubiri w’umuntu ushobora gushyirwamo ubushobozi bwo kwirwanaho ukoresheje urukingo, mu buryo bwihariye.
Urukingo rwageragerejwe rukoreshwa mu byiciro bibiri:
- Dose ya mbere: Niyo itangwa mbere, igamije gukangura uturemangingo bita B Cells, dusanzwe dufite inshingano zo gukora abasirikare b’umubiri barwanya udukoko twawuteye.
- Ibyiciro bikurikiyeho: Hakoreshwa izindi nkingo zifasha utwo turemangingo kwiyubakamo ubushobozi bwo kumenya ako gakoko kagera mu mubiri no gutangira kukarwanya mbere y’uko kagira icyo kwangiza.
Dr. Rogier Sanders, umwarimu muri Kaminuza y’Ubuvuzi ya Amsterdam akaba ari umwe mu bayoboye iri gerageza, yavuze ko ibyavuye mu bushakashatsi byerekanye ko urwo rukingo rufite ubushobozi bwo gutera umubiri kugira ubudahangarwa.
Yagize ati: “Mu bantu bose bakoreweho igerageza, twabonye ko umubiri wabo wagaragaje igisubizo cyiza mu gukora abasirikare bawurinda. Ibi bitwereka ko turi ku nzira nziza yo kubona urukingo rwa SIDA rufatika.”
Yakomeje avuga ko ubu buryo bushya bushingiye ku gukangura uturemangingo twihariye two mu mubiri (B Cells) ari intambwe ikomeye kuko urukingo rufasha umubiri kwitegura guhangana n’agakoko katarinjira, aho gutegereza ko kagera mu mubiri ngo gatangire kurwanywa.
Abashakashatsi banakoresheje ikoranabuhanga rigezweho rya mRNA ryifashishijwe cyane no mu gukorwa kw’inkingo za COVID-19. Iri koranabuhanga rifasha umubiri gukora uduce dusa n’agakoko kagamije kurwanywa, bigatuma umubiri ubyiyumvamo nk’aho ari virusi nyayo maze ugakora abasirikare barwanya iyo virusi.
Nubwo iyi nzira ya mRNA yagaragaje ubushobozi bwo gutanga ubudahangarwa bwihuse, bamwe mu bakoreweho igerageza bagaragaje ibibazo byo ku ruhu, nubwo bitigeze bigira ingaruka mbi.
U Rwanda rwagize uruhare rukomeye muri iri gerageza, kuko ari kimwe mu bihugu byatoranyijwe kubera ubufatanye n’abahanga mu by’ubuzima, ubushake bwa politiki ndetse n’ubushobozi bwo kwakira imishinga y’ubushakashatsi. Kuba urukingo rwarageragerejwe ku bantu bo ku mugabane wa Afurika byatanze icyizere ko rushobora gukora neza no ku baturage batuye muri Afurika, aho ubwandu bwa SIDA bukiri hejuru.
Nk’uko byatangajwe n’Ishami ry’Umuryango w’Abibumbye ryita ku Buzima (OMS), mu mwaka wa 2023 abantu bagera kuri miliyoni 39.9 ku isi bari bafite ubwandu bwa virusi itera SIDA, aho 65% byabo baba ku mugabane wa Afurika.
Ibyavuye muri iri gerageza biratanga icyizere gishya mu rugamba rwo guhashya SIDA, indwara imaze imyaka irenga 40 ihangayikishije isi. Nubwo urugendo rukiri rurerure kugira ngo urukingo rukoreshwe ku rwego rusange, intambwe imaze guterwa ni ingenzi kandi iratanga icyizere ko ahazaza hihuse hatariho SIDA hashoboka.
Abashakashatsi barizeza ko bazakomeza igerageza ku bantu benshi no gutunganya izindi nkingo zunganira, kugira ngo haboneke urukingo rwizewe, rutangwa ku bantu bose baba mu byago byo kwandura.
