Abashakashatsi n’inzobere mu by’isanzure bo ku mugabane w’u Burayi baravuga ko icyogajuru cy’Abasoviyeti kitwa Cosmos-482, cyamaze imyaka 53 mu isanzure, kiri hafi kugwa ku Isi, nubwo ahazagwa n’isaha kizagwaho bigikomeje kuba urujijo.
Ibi byatangajwe n’Ishami ry’Umuryango w’Ubumwe bw’u Burayi rishinzwe iby’isanzure (European Space Agency – ESA), ryagaragaje impungenge z’uko iki cyogajuru gishobora kugwira Isi mu masaha cyangwa iminsi ya vuba, hataramenyekana neza agace kizagwamo.
Cosmos-482 ni kimwe mu byogajuru byoherejwe mu isanzure n’Abasoviyeti ku wa 31 Werurwe 1972, nk’igice cy’umushinga wiswe Venera. Uwo mushinga wari ugamije gukora ubushakashatsi ku mubumbe wa Venus, aho byari biteganyijwe ko byoherezwa ibyogajuru bibiri: Venera 8 na Cosmos-482.
Venera 8 yageze kuri Venus uko byari biteganyijwe, ariko Cosmos-482 yahuye n’ikibazo mu gihe cyo kwinjira mu kirere, bituma inanirwa gukomeza urugendo rwayo no kugaruka ku Isi biranga, iguma mu isanzure kugeza magingo aya.
Kugeza ubu, Cosmos-482 iri hafi y’ubutaka bw’Isi ku buryo ishobora gukurwa mu isanzure n’imbaraga z’ukwezi cyangwa izindi mpamvu karemano. ESA yavuze ko ikoze mu buryo bukomeye kandi iremereye, kuko rifite ibilo birenga 500, ibintu bishobora gutuma ibice byaryo bibasha kurenga igikuta cy’umwuka (atmosphere) bigatunga Isi bitarasandariye mu kirere.
Dr. Marek Ziebart, umwarimu mu by’isanzure muri University College London,
yagize ati: “Mu bihe bisanzwe, ibice by’icyogajuru bigaruka ku Isi biba byoroshye kandi bitwikwa n’ubushyuhe bwinshi bwo mu kirere. Ariko Cosmos-482 yo yihariye kuko yubatswe mu buryo bwo kwihanganira urugendo rurerure.”
Yongeraho ko icyogajuru kiri kugenda kigabanya intera hagati yacyo n’ubutaka bw’Isi, kandi hakiri icyizere ko gishobora kugwa mu nyanja cyangwa ahatari abantu. Gusa, nta cyemezo gifatika kirafatwa kuko nta tekinoloji ihari ishobora kugihagarika cyangwa kukiyobora aho kigomba kugwa.
“Ntacyo dushobora gukora ngo tukiyobore. Ariko nikimanuka, tuzifashisha radar n’indege zishobora kugikurikirana kugira ngo tumenye aho kizagwa.” — Dr. Ziebart
Iki ni kimwe mu bibazo bikomeye bihangayikishije ibihugu n’ibigo bikora iby’isanzure, kuko n’ubwo ibyogajuru byinshi bigaruka ku Isi buri mwaka, ibyakozwe kera bifite imiterere ishobora guteza akaga kurushaho, kuko bitubahirije ibipimo bigezweho byo kurinda Isi.
Biteganyijwe ko ibice by’iki cyogajuru bishobora kugera ku Isi hagati ya tariki ya 10 Gicurasi 2025 n’amatariki azakurikiraho, ariko ibi byose bizaterwa n’imyitwarire yacyo mu gihe kizaba kigeze hafi y’ubutaka.
Uru rugendo rwa Cosmos-482 rugaragaza uburyo ubumenyi bw’isanzure bwagiye butera imbere, ariko nanone rwerekana ibibazo bikomeye Isi ishobora guhura na byo kubera ibyogajuru bisigaye mu isanzure.
Ni isomo ku bihugu byose n’ibigo bikora mu by’isanzure ko hakenewe ingamba nshya n’amategeko mpuzamahanga yo gukurikirana no kurwanya ibyogajuru bishaje bishobora guhungabanya umutekano w’Isi.
