Ubushakashatsi bwakorewe mu Buyapani bwerekanye ko ubwoko bw’amaraso umuntu afite bugira uruhare runini ku mibanire ye n’abandi, cyane cyane mu rukundo no gushyingiranwa. Ubwo bushakashatsi buvuga ko uko umuntu ateye, uko yitwara ndetse n’uko yitwara mu rukundo bishobora gushingira ku bwoko bw’amaraso afite.
Hari ubwoko bune bw’amaraso ari bwo: O, A, B na AB. Buri bwoko bushobora kuba positif cyangwa negatif bitewe n’udufashi duto duturuka ku maraso twitwa antigènes na anticorps. Aha ni ho hava itandukaniro mu miterere ya muntu, nk’uko byagaragajwe n’ubushakashatsi bwatangijwe na Prof. Furukawa Takeji mu 1927.
Uko buri bwoko bw’amaraso bushobora kugena imyitwarire
- O: Abantu bafite ubu bwoko bw’amaraso bakunze kurangwa n’ubusabane, urugwiro n’ubushake bwo kugerageza ibintu bishya. Bashobora kwigirira icyizere kirenze urugero, bikababera imbogamizi mu mibanire n’abakunze kwitonda.
- A: Aba bantu bakunze kurangwa no guhanga udushya, ubwenge, no gukora cyane. Nubwo bagira amarangamutima akomeye, baba bafite ubushobozi bwo kwisubiraho vuba mu gihe barakaye.
- B: Abafite ubu bwoko bwa B ni abantu bafite udushya tudashira, bishimira ubuzima, bafite imbaraga zo gukora ibyo bakunda, ariko kandi ni abantu bishyira imbere ku buryo batamenya kwitangira abandi.
- AB: Ni abantu bihagije, bashobora kwikorera ibyo bakeneye badategereje ubufasha. Nubwo baba bafite ubushobozi bwo gucengera ibintu, baba barangwa no kwibagirwa no kudasohoza inshingano.
Abashakashatsi bavuga ko ubwoko bw’amaraso bushobora kugira uruhare ku buryo abantu bahuza, bakundana ndetse n’uko babana mu rukundo. Dore uko bamwe mu bahujwe n’ubwoko bw’amaraso bashobora kubana:
- A na A: Bashobora gukundana ariko bakunze kurangwa no kutumvikana bitewe no gukomera ku bitekerezo byabo. Bakeneye ibiganiro bihoraho kugira ngo barusheho kumvikana.
- A na O: Nubwo batandukanye mu miterere, baba bafite amahirwe menshi yo gukundana kuko bihanganirana. Gusa, iyo batitondeye ibibatandukanya bishobora kubaviramo gutandukana.
- A na B: Bateye gutandukanye cyane, ku buryo bashobora kugirana amakimbirane akabije. Ariko hari abashobora kwihanganirana bagakundana igihe umwe yemeye uko undi ateye.
- A na AB: Aha na ho haba uguhuzagurika mu mibanire, kuko batandukanye cyane mu mitekerereze no mu mico.
- O na O: Ni abantu basabana cyane, bakundana, bakavuga ukuri hagati yabo. Ariko uko kuvugisha ukuri kwinshi bishobora kubagiraho ingaruka.
- O na B: Aha usanga urukundo ruramba kuko abantu ba O bihanganira cyane imyitwarire y’aba B.
- B na B: Ni abantu bahuza byihuse, bakagira urukundo rukomeye ariko bagomba kwitondera kutarengera mu kwikunda cyane.
- B na AB: Bagira ubusabane n’ubwumvikane buhambaye kuko buri wese yubaha uko mugenzi we ameze.
- AB na AB: Bafitanye urukundo rufite imizi, barubahana, bagakundana by’ukuri, ndetse bagakundwa n’abandi kuko baba ari icyitegererezo.
Impamvu kumenya ubwoko bw’amaraso ari ingenzi
Uretse uruhare bishobora kugira mu mibanire, kumenya ubwoko bw’amaraso ni ingenzi mu buzima bwa buri munsi, cyane cyane mu gihe umuntu arwaye agomba guhabwa amaraso. Umuryango mpuzamahanga utabara imbabare (Red Cross) uvuga ko amaraso agira uruhare mu kurokora ubuzima bw’abantu barenga miliyoni enye n’igice buri mwaka.
Kumenya ubwoko bwawe bw’amaraso si uguhora witegereza uko wakundana gusa, ahubwo ni no kumenya neza uko wakwitwara mu buzima bwa buri munsi, haba mu mibanire, mu mirimo ndetse no mu gukumira zimwe mu ndwara ushobora kuba wihariyeho ibyago byinshi.
